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Various insecticides applied as transplant water treatments were compared with foliar and soil treatments for TA and TFB control on flue-cured tobacco. Tests were conducted on a Chesterfield-Mayodan-Bourne sandy loam soil at the VPI &amp; SU Southern Piedmont Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Blackstone, VA. Eleven treatments and an untreated control were established in a RCB design with 4 replications. Plots, 4 X 40 ft (1 row X 24 plants), were separated by single untreated guard rows. The Temik treatment was applied in a 14-inch band using a tractor mounted-Gandy granular applicator and immediately covered with 6 inches of soil at bed formation on 9 May (soil temperature, 65 °F; ambient temperature, 70 °F; soil pH, 5.6; weather, sunny; soil moisture, good). The Admire drench treatment was applied to tobacco seedlings in 288-cell float trays 24 hr before transplanting. The treatment was applied with a CO2-pressurized backpack sprayer that delivered 1 fl oz of Admire 240FS in 1.84 gal of water/1,000 plants through 8003LP tips at 20 psi. Treatments were watered in with an additional 1 gal of water immediately after application. ‘Coker 371 Gold’ flue-cured tobacco was transplanted and the transplant water (TPW) treatments were applied in 215 gal solution/acre with a Holland plunger-type transplanter on 16 May. The weather was sunny, and soil and ambient temperatures were 70 °F and 78-81 °F, respectively. Foliar applications of Orthene were applied on 3 Jul with a CO2-pressurized backpack sprayer that delivered 28 gpa at 60 psi through 3, TX-12 nozzles/row. The weather was clear, wind speed was less than 5 mph, and ambient temperature was 86 °F. Tobacco production followed Virginia Cooperative Extension recommendations for weed and disease control, fertilization, topping and sucker control. Dipel 4L was applied for tobacco hornworm control on 4 Aug. TA were counted on the upper 4 leaves of 10 plants/plot about once a wk from 6 to 10 wk after transplanting. On 22 Aug, TA damage was rated for each plot on a scale of 0 to 10 where 0 = no signs of aphid feeding and 10 = all leaves showing severe damage resulting from TA infestations including honeydew, sooty mold, necrotic leaf tissue and exuviae. TFB feeding holes were counted on 5 plants/plot on 22 May, 1 wk after transplanting. Tobacco was harvested as it ripened, weighed, graded by a USDA/AMS inspector, and yields and prices were calculated. Data were analyzed by ANOVA and significantly different means were separated by WD (K-ratio = 100). TA count data were transformed to Log10 (X+l) before analysis.

Tobacco Insect Control with Insecticides Applied in the Transplant Water, 1995