Invited Commentary: Composite Outcomes as an Attempt to Escape From Selection Bias and Related Paradoxes | Zendy

Miguel A. Hernán | Zendy; Enrique F. Schisterman | Zendy; Sonia Hernández–Dı́az | Zendy

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Invited Commentary: Composite Outcomes as an Attempt to Escape From Selection Bias and Related Paradoxes

Author(s) -

Miguel A. Hernán,

Enrique F. Schisterman,

Sonia Hernández–Dı́az

Publication year - 2013

Publication title -

american journal of epidemiology

Language(s) - English

Resource type - Journals

SCImago Journal Rank - 2.33

H-Index - 256

eISSN - 1476-6256

pISSN - 0002-9262

DOI - 10.1093/aje/kwt283

Subject(s) - selection (genetic algorithm) , selection bias , causal inference , psychology , epistemology , positive economics , medicine , computer science , philosophy , econometrics , economics , artificial intelligence , pathology

This commentary reviews the recent history of explanations to crossover paradoxes such as the birth weight and gestational age paradoxes, with a special emphasis on the current proposal by Kramer et al. in this issue of the Journal (Am J Epidemiol. 2014;179(3):361-367). We contend that the causal structure of these paradoxes is essentially identical to that of several well-known selection biases. We then consider the pros and cons of using composite outcomes to circumvent these selection biases.

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