A 22-Year-Old Retained Ureteral Stent: One of the Oldest Removed Using a Multimodal Endourologic Approach

Background: Ureteral stent encrustation poses a distinct challenge to urologists. The purpose of our study is to present a patient with one of the oldest retained ureteral stents reported in the literature, effectively treated at our institution with a multimodal endourologic approach. Case Presentation: After IRB approval and patient's consent, we present the case of a 47-year-old man who was referred to our institution for gross hematuria and a right retained ureteral stent, incidentally found on imaging. This patient had a history of traumatic stab wound 22 years prior, requiring an exploratory laparotomy and a ureteral stent insertion. Preoperative CT scan revealed a fragmented and heavily encrusted right ureteral stent. The patient was effectively treated with a multimodal endourologic approach, including a cystolitholapaxy, a right retrograde flexible ureteroscopy (URS), and a prone split-leg right percutaneous nephrolithotomy combined with a right retrograde URS. The patient was rendered stone and stent free. Conclusion: To our knowledge, this 22-year-old retained stent is one of the oldest reported in the literature. As observed in our patient, multimodal endourologic techniques are safe and effective in patients with retained ureteral stents to render then stent and stone free.