Signaling and Regulation Through the NAD+and NADP+Networks

NAD + and NADP + are important cosubstrates in redox reactions and participate in regulatory networks operating in adjustment of metabolic pathways. Moreover, NAD + is a cosubstrate in post-translational modification of proteins and is involved in DNA repair. NADPH is indispensable for reductive syntheses and the redox chemistry involved in attaining and maintaining correct protein conformation. Recent Advances: Within a couple of decades, a wealth of information has been gathered on NAD(H) + /NADP(H) redox imaging, regulatory role of redox potential in assembly of spatial protein structures, and the role of ADP-ribosylation of regulatory proteins affecting both gene expression and metabolism. All these have a bearing also on disease, healthy aging, and longevity.