Open AccessInvestigating structural, magnetic and multiferroic properties of gadolinium substituted strontium hexaferrite (SrFe12-xGdxO19)
Author(s) -
Singh Sonu Kumar,
Rakesh Kumar Singh,
Aniket Manash,
Ghanendra Kumar,
Uday Shankar,
Harendra Kumar Satyapal
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
iop conference series. materials science and engineering
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 1757-899X
pISSN - 1757-8981
DOI - 10.1088/1757-899x/1149/1/012013
Subject(s) - coercivity , materials science , gadolinium , crystallite , analytical chemistry (journal) , lattice constant , multiferroics , crystal structure , crystallography , nuclear magnetic resonance , condensed matter physics , chemistry , ferroelectricity , dielectric , physics , optics , chromatography , optoelectronics , diffraction , metallurgy
An economical and citrate precursor based sol-gel technique is employed for pure phase synthesis of Gd 3+ substituted M-type strontium hexaferrite (SrFe 12-x Gd x O 19 ) for x = (0.25 - 1.00). The XRD patterns reflected all prominent planes related to hexagonal symmetry ( P 6 3 /mmc space group). The crystallite size and induced strains is determined using Williamson-Hall plot. Lattice constants (a) and (c) shows minor increments with Gd 3+ concentration. Particle distributions in SEM micrograph agree with W-H plot analysis. FTIR analysis is in consistent with X-ray intensity results. The ‘Law of Approach’ to saturation is applied to estimate parameters such as, magnetization (M s ) of order 40.91 to 57.7 emu/g and retentivity (Mr) ranging from 26.3 to 32.5 emu/g. A remarkable increase in coercivity (H C ) is observed with increasing Gd 3+ composition, with a value of 2500 to 6310 Gauss. Moreover, incorporation of Gd 3+ in SrFe 12-x Gd x O 19 lattice hinders electrical leakage profitably to yield remanent (P r ) and coercive polarization (Pc) of order 0.19 μC/cm 2 and 17 kV/cm respectively. Thus sol-gel method proves to be useful in synthesizing nanomaterials of enhanced physical properties along with it being cost effective. Therefore, we are reporting tuning of magnetic and multiferroic properties of SrFe 12 O 19 due to crystal strain mediated by Gd 3+ doping at Fe 3+ site.