DNA Vaccination with a Single‐Plasmid Construct Coding for Viruslike Particles Protects Mice against Infection with a Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A Virus

With seasonal outbreaks affecting millions of people each year and devastating pandemics, human influenza is a major health concern. The pandemic threat includes highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses (HPAIVs) that gained the ability to infect humans in Asia and quickly spread throughout the world. Major concerns have been raised regarding today's vaccine production systems against influenza viruses, and new strategies to design efficient vaccines are under intensive investigation.