Tuberculosis after Initiation of Antiretroviral Therapy in Low-Income and High-Income Countries | Zendy

Martin W. G. Brinkhof | Zendy; Matthias Egger | Zendy; Andrew Boulle | Zendy; Margaret May | Zendy; Mina C. Hosseinipour | Zendy; Eduardo Sprinz | Zendy; Paula Braitstein | Zendy; François Dabis | Zendy; Peter Reiss | Zendy; David R. Bangsberg | Zendy; Martin Rickenbach | Zendy; José M. Miró | Zendy; Landon Myer | Zendy; Amanda Mocroft | Zendy; Denis Nash | Zendy; Olivia Keiser | Zendy; Margaret Pascoe | Zendy; Stefaan Van der Borght | Zendy; Mauro Schechter | Zendy

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Tuberculosis after Initiation of Antiretroviral Therapy in Low-Income and High-Income Countries

Author(s) -

Martin W. G. Brinkhof,

Matthias Egger,

Andrew Boulle,

Margaret May,

Mina C. Hosseinipour,

Eduardo Sprinz,

Paula Braitstein,

François Dabis,

Peter Reiss,

David R. Bangsberg,

Martin Rickenbach,

José M. Miró,

Landon Myer,

Amanda Mocroft,

Denis Nash,

Olivia Keiser,

Margaret Pascoe,

Stefaan Van der Borght,

Mauro Schechter

Publication year - 2007

Publication title -

clinical infectious diseases

Language(s) - English

Resource type - Journals

eISSN - 1537-6591

pISSN - 1058-4838

DOI - 10.1086/522986

Subject(s) - medicine , incidence (geometry) , confidence interval , tuberculosis , antiretroviral therapy , rate ratio , human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) , immunology , viral load , pathology , physics , optics

We examined the incidence of and risk factors for tuberculosis during the first year of highly active antiretroviral therapy in low-income (4540 patients) and high-income (22,217 patients) countries. Although incidence was much higher in low-income countries, the reduction in the incidence of tuberculosis associated with highly active antiretroviral therapy was similar: the rate ratio for months 7-12 versus months 1-3 was 0.48 (95% confidence interval, 0.36-0.64) in low-income countries and 0.36 (95% confidence interval, 0.26-0.50) in high-income countries. A low CD4 cell count at the start of therapy was the most important risk factor in both settings.

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