Open AccessRisk Factors for Intestinal Microsporidiosis in Patients with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection: A Case‐Control Study
Author(s) -
Yvan Hutin,
MarieNoëlle Sombardier,
Olivier Liguory,
Claudine Sarfati,
Francis Derouin,
J Modaï,
JeanMichel Molina
Publication year - 1998
Publication title -
the journal of infectious diseases
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.69
H-Index - 252
eISSN - 1537-6613
pISSN - 0022-1899
DOI - 10.1086/515353
Subject(s) - microsporidiosis , odds ratio , case control study , feces , sida , medicine , immunology , viral disease , transmission (telecommunications) , immunopathology , sexual transmission , confidence interval , virology , prospective cohort study , helminthiasis , virus , human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) , biology , microbiology and biotechnology , protozoal disease , electrical engineering , microbicide , malaria , engineering
A prospective unmatched case-control study was conducted to determine risk factors for intestinal microsporidiosis in persons infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) who had < or = 200 CD4 cells/mm3. In multivariate analysis, case-patients (n = 30) were more likely than were control-subjects (n = 56) to have < or = 100 CD4 cells/mm3 (odds ratio [OR], 6.5; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1-42), to report male homosexual preference (OR, 7.6; 95% CI, 1-59.5), and to report swimming in a pool in the previous 12 months (OR, 9.2; 95% CI, 2.1-38.9). In summary, intestinal microsporidiosis in persons with HIV infection and < or = 200/mm3 CD4 cells is associated with male homosexuality and swimming in pools, suggesting fecal-oral transmission, including sexual and waterborne routes.
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