Effect of Exposure to Injection Drugs or Alcohol on Antigen‐Specific Immune Responses in HIV and Hepatitis C Virus Coinfection
Author(s) -
Camilla S. Graham,
Annalee Wells,
Erika M. Edwards,
Timothy Herren,
Sheila Tumilty,
Sherri O. Stuver,
Jeffrey H. Samet,
David Nunes,
C. Robert Horsburgh,
Margaret James Koziel
Publication year - 2007
Publication title -
the journal of infectious diseases
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.69
H-Index - 252
eISSN - 1537-6613
pISSN - 0022-1899
DOI - 10.1086/511990
Subject(s) - hepatitis c virus , medicine , immunology , coinfection , immune system , hepatitis c , virology , virus
Ongoing substance use is a potential confounder for immunological studies on hepatitis C virus (HCV), but there is little in the literature regarding the effects of injection drug use (IDU) or alcohol on HCV-specific immune responses. We wanted to determine whether IDU or alcohol affected immune responses in HCV-infected and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/HCV coinfected subjects.
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