Development of Nevirapine Resistance in Infants Is Reduced by Use of Infant‐Only Single‐Dose Nevirapine plus Zidovudine Postexposure Prophylaxis for the Prevention of Mother‐to‐Child Transmission of HIV‐1 | Zendy

Susan H. Eshleman | Zendy; Donald R. Hoover | Zendy; Sarah E. Hudelson | Zendy; Shu Chen | Zendy; Susan A. Fiscus | Zendy; Estelle PiwowarManning | Zendy; J. Brooks Jackson | Zendy; Johnstone Kumwenda | Zendy; Taha E. Taha | Zendy

Open Access

Development of Nevirapine Resistance in Infants Is Reduced by Use of Infant‐Only Single‐Dose Nevirapine plus Zidovudine Postexposure Prophylaxis for the Prevention of Mother‐to‐Child Transmission of HIV‐1

Author(s) -

Susan H. Eshleman,

Donald R. Hoover,

Sarah E. Hudelson,

Shu Chen,

Susan A. Fiscus,

Estelle PiwowarManning,

J. Brooks Jackson,

Johnstone Kumwenda,

Taha E. Taha

Publication year - 2006

Publication title -

the journal of infectious diseases

Language(s) - English

Resource type - Journals

SCImago Journal Rank - 2.69

H-Index - 252

eISSN - 1537-6613

pISSN - 0022-1899

DOI - 10.1086/499967

Subject(s) - nevirapine , zidovudine , medicine , transmission (telecommunications) , pediatrics , human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) , drug resistance , virology , viral disease , viral load , antiretroviral therapy , biology , microbiology and biotechnology , electrical engineering , engineering

We analyzed the development of nevirapine (NVP) resistance in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected Malawian infants who received regimens containing single-dose NVP (SD-NVP) for the prevention of mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HIV-1. All infants received SD-NVP, and some randomly received zidovudine (ZDV) as well. Mothers did or did not receive SD-NVP on the basis of when they arrived at the hospital for delivery. In infants 6-8 weeks of age, NVP resistance was less frequent when infants had received SD-NVP plus ZDV and mothers had not received SD-NVP than when infants had received SD-NVP alone and mothers had received SD-NVP (4/15 [27%] vs. 20/23 [87%]; P < .001). The risk of MTCT of HIV-1 was comparable with these regimens. Infant-only prophylaxis also eliminates the development of NVP resistance in mothers.

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