An XMM-Newton Observation of the Drifting Pulsar B0943+10

Radio pulsar subpulse drifting has been interpreted as rotation of sub-beams(sparks) of pair plasma produced by intermittent breakdowns of an inner vacuumgap above the pulsar polar cap. This model also predicts strong thermal X-rayemission from the polar cap caused by inflowing particles created in sparkdischarges. We have observed the best-studied drifting pulsar B0943+10 withXMM-Newton and detected a point source coincident with the radio pulsarposition. Its spectrum could be fitted with a thermal blackbody model, althougha power-law model is also acceptable. The thermal fit gives a bolometricluminosity L_bol ~ 5 x 10^{28} erg/s and a surface area A ~ 10^3 (T/3MK)^{-4}m^2, much smaller than the conventional polar cap area, 6 x 10^4 m^2. Suchthermal radiation can be interpreted as emitted from footprints of sparksdrifting in an inner gap of a height h ~ 0.1 - 0.2 r_pc, where r_pc is thepolar cap radius. However, the original vacuum gap model by Ruderman andSutherland requires some modification to reconcile the X-ray and radio data.Comment: submitted to ApJ