A DeepChandraSurvey of the Globular Cluster 47 Tucanae: Catalog of Point Sources

We have detected 300 X-ray sources within the half-mass radius (2.79') of theglobular cluster 47 Tucanae in a deep (281 ks) Chandra exposure. We performphotometry and simple spectral fitting for our detected sources, and constructluminosity functions, X-ray color-magnitude and color-color diagrams.Eighty-seven X-ray sources show variability on timescales from hours to years.Thirty-one of the new X-ray sources are identified with chromosphericallyactive binaries from the catalogs of Albrow et al. The radial distributions ofdetected sources imply roughly 70 are background sources of some kind. Mostsource spectra are well-fit by thermal plasma models, except for quiescentlow-mass X-ray binaries (qLMXBs, containing accreting neutron stars) andmillisecond pulsars (MSPs). We identify three new candidate qLMXBs withrelatively low X-ray luminosities. One of the brightest cataclysmic variables(CVs, X10) shows evidence (a 4.7 hour period pulsation and strong soft X-rayemission) for a magnetically dominated accretion flow as in AM Her systems.Most of the bright CVs require intrinsic N_H columns of order 10^{21} cm^-2,suggesting a possible DQ Her nature. A group of X-ray sources associated withbright (sub)giant stars also requires intrinsic absorption. By comparing theX-ray colors, luminosities, variability, and quality of spectral fits of thedetected MSPs to those of unidentified sources, we estimate that a total of\~25-30 MSPs exist in 47 Tuc (<60 at 95% confidence), regardless of their radiobeaming fraction. We estimate that the total number of neutron stars in 47 Tucis of order 300, reducing the discrepancy between theoretical neutron starretention rates and observed neutron star populations in globular clusters.(Abstract truncated.)Comment: Accepted by ApJ. 62 pages (18 pp. text, 17 pp. figures, 27 pp. tables), 19 figures (8 color), 8 table