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Understanding of the nature of dark energy, which appears to drive theexpansion of the universe, is one of the central problems of physical cosmologytoday. In an earlier paper [Daly & Djorgovski (2003)] we proposed a novelmethod to determine the expansion rate and the deceleration parameter in alargely model-independent way, directly from the data on coordinate distances.Here we expand this methodology to include measurements of the pressure of darkenergy, its normalized energy density, and the equation of state parameter asfunctions of redshift. We then apply this methodology to a new, combined dataset of distances to supernovae and radio galaxies.Comment: 27 pages, 8 figures. Will appear in the Astrophysical Journal, v612,  September 10, 200

Direct Determination of the Kinematics of the Universe and Properties of the Dark Energy as Functions of Redshift