Breast‐Milk Infectivity in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1–Infected Mothers | Zendy

Barbra A. Richardson | Zendy; Grace JohnStewart | Zendy; James P. Hughes | Zendy; Ruth Nduati | Zendy; Dorothy MboriNgacha | Zendy; Julie Overbaugh | Zendy; Joan K. Kreiss | Zendy

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Breast‐Milk Infectivity in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1–Infected Mothers

Author(s) -

Barbra A. Richardson,

Grace JohnStewart,

James P. Hughes,

Ruth Nduati,

Dorothy MboriNgacha,

Julie Overbaugh,

Joan K. Kreiss

Publication year - 2003

Publication title -

the journal of infectious diseases

Language(s) - English

Resource type - Journals

SCImago Journal Rank - 2.69

H-Index - 252

eISSN - 1537-6613

pISSN - 0022-1899

DOI - 10.1086/374272

Subject(s) - infectivity , breast milk , virology , breast feeding , human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) , biology , medicine , virus , microbiology and biotechnology , immunology , pediatrics , biochemistry

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is transmitted through blood, genital secretions, and breast milk. The probability of heterosexual transmission of HIV-1 per sex act is.0003-.0015, but little is known regarding the risk of transmission per breast-milk exposure. We evaluated the probability of breast-milk transmission of HIV-1 per liter of breast milk ingested and per day of breast-feeding in a study of children born to HIV-1-infected mothers. The probability of breast-milk transmission of HIV-1 was.00064 per liter ingested and.00028 per day of breast-feeding. Breast-milk infectivity was significantly higher for mothers with more-advanced disease, as measured by prenatal HIV-1 RNA plasma levels and CD4 cell counts. The probability of HIV-1 infection per liter of breast milk ingested by an infant is similar in magnitude to the probability of heterosexual transmission of HIV-1 per unprotected sex act in adults.

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