Short‐Course Antenatal Zidovudine Reduces Both Cervicovaginal Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 RNA Levels and Risk of Perinatal Transmission | Zendy

Rutt Chuachoowong | Zendy; Nathan Shaffer | Zendy; Wimol Siriwasin | Zendy; Pongsakdi Chaisilwattana | Zendy; Nancy L. Young | Zendy; Philip A. Mock | Zendy; Sanay Chearskul | Zendy; Naris Waranawat | Zendy; Thongpoon Chaowanachan | Zendy; John M. Karon | Zendy; R. J. Simonds | Zendy; Timothy D. Mastro | Zendy

Open Access

Short‐Course Antenatal Zidovudine Reduces Both Cervicovaginal Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 RNA Levels and Risk of Perinatal Transmission

Author(s) -

Rutt Chuachoowong,

Nathan Shaffer,

Wimol Siriwasin,

Pongsakdi Chaisilwattana,

Nancy L. Young,

Philip A. Mock,

Sanay Chearskul,

Naris Waranawat,

Thongpoon Chaowanachan,

John M. Karon,

R. J. Simonds,

Timothy D. Mastro

Publication year - 2000

Publication title -

the journal of infectious diseases

Language(s) - English

Resource type - Journals

SCImago Journal Rank - 2.69

H-Index - 252

eISSN - 1537-6613

pISSN - 0022-1899

DOI - 10.1086/315179

Subject(s) - zidovudine , medicine , transmission (telecommunications) , placebo , gestation , odds ratio , viral disease , pregnancy , confidence interval , sida , lentivirus , immunology , virus , virology , biology , pathology , alternative medicine , electrical engineering , genetics , engineering

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) levels in cervicovaginal lavage (CVL) and plasma samples were evaluated in relation to perinatal transmission in a randomized placebo-controlled trial of brief antenatal zidovudine treatment. Samples were collected at 38 weeks' gestation from 310 women and more frequently from a subset of 74 women. At 38 weeks, after a 2-week treatment period, CVL HIV-1 was quantifiable in 23% and 52% of samples in the zidovudine and placebo groups, respectively (P<.001). The perinatal transmission rate was 28.7% among women with quantifiable CVL HIV-1 and high plasma virus levels (>10,000 copies/mL) and 1% among women without quantifiable CVL HIV-1 and with low plasma virus levels (P<.001). A 1-log increase in plasma HIV-1 increased the transmission odds 1.8 and 6.1 times (95% confidence interval, 0.9-3.5 vs. 2.4-15.4) for women with and without quantifiable CVL HIV-1, respectively (P=.03). CVL HIV-1 is an independent risk factor for perinatal HIV-1 transmission.

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