Native Valve Endocarditis Due to Mycobacterium fortuitum biovar fortuitum: Case Report and Review

1. American Thoracic Society. Diagnosis and treatment of disease caused by nontuberculous mycobacteria. Am Rev Respir Dis 1990;142:940–53. 2. Lloveras J, Peterson PK, Simmons R, Najerian S. Mycobacterial infections in renal transplant recipients. Arch Intern Med 1982;142:888–92. 3. Novick RJ, Moreno-Cabral CE, Stinson EB, et al. The nontuberculous mycobacterial infections in heart transplant recipients: a seventeen-year experience. J Heart Transplant 1990;9:357–63. 4. Tuder RM, Renya GS, Bensch K. Mycobacterial coronary arteritis in a heart transplant recipient. Hum Pathol 1986;17:1072–4. 5. LeMense GP, Van Bakel AB, Crumbley J, Judson MA. Mycobacterium scrofulaceum infection presenting as lung nodules in a heart transplant recipient. Chest 1994;106:1918–20. 6. Tebas P, Sultan F, Wallace J, Fraser V. Rapid development of resistance to clarithromycin following monotherapy for disseminated Mycobacterium chelonae infection in a heart transplant patient. Clin Infect Dis 1995;20: 443–4. 7. Zappe CH, Barlow D, Zappe H, Bolton IJ, Roditi D, Steyn LM. 16S rRNA sequence analysis of an isolate of Mycobacterium haemophilum from a heart transplant patient. J Med Microbiol 1995;43:189–91. 8. Cooper DKC, Lanza RP, Oliver S, et al. Infectious complications after heart transplantation. Thorax 1983;38:822–8. 9. Lederman C, Spitz JL, Scully B, Schulman LL, et al. Mycobacterium haemophilum cellulitis in a heart transplant recipient. J Am Acad Dermatol 1994;30:804–6. 10. Wallace RJ, Tanner D, Brennan PJ, Brown BA. Clinical trial of clarithromycin for cutaneous (disseminated) infection due to Mycobacterium chelonae. Ann Intern Med 1993;119:482–6. 11. Patel R, Roberts GD, Keating MR, Paya C. Infections due to nontuberculous mycobacteria in kidney, heart, and liver transplant recipients. Clin Infect Dis 1994;19:263–73. 12. Plemmons RM, Mc Allister CK, Garcés MC, Ward RL. Osteomyelitis due to Mycobacterium haemophilum in a cardiac transplant patient: case report and analysis of interactions among clarithromycin, rifampin, and cyclosporine. Clin Infect Dis 1997;24:995–7. 13. Kochar S, Indudhara R, Nagi B, Yadav RVS, Mehta SK. Colonic tuberculosis due to atypical mycobacteria in a renal transplant recipient. Am J Gastroenterol 1988;83:1435–6. 14. Muller-Hermelink HK, Kaiserling E, Sonntag HG. Modulation of epithelioid cell granuloma formation to a pathogenic mycobacteria by cyclosporin A. Pathol Res Pract 1982;175:80–5.