UCSB South Pole 1994 Cosmic Microwave Background Anisotropy Measurement Constraints on Open and Flat‐Λ Cold Dark Matter Cosmogonies

We develop methods to account for experimental and observationaluncertainties in likelihood analyses of data from cosmic microwave background(CMB) anisotropy experiments and apply them to an analysis of the UCSB SouthPole 1994 (SP94) experiment. Observationally motivated open and spatially-flat$\Lambda$, cold dark matter cosmogonies are considered. Among the models weconsider, the full SP94 data set is most consistent with $\Omega_0 \sim0.1-0.2$ open models and less so with old $(t_0 \gap 15 - 16 Gyr)$, high baryondensity $(\Omega_B \gap 0.0175 h^{-2})$, low density ($\Omega_0 \sim 0.2 -0.4), flat-$\Lambda$ models. The SP94 data do not rule out any of the models weconsider at the $2\sigma$ level. The SP94 experiment is most sensitive toanisotropies on a somewhat larger, model-dependent, angular scale than thescale at which the window function peaks. For establishing the significance ofa detection of CMB anisotropy we derive limits using the highest posteriordensity (HPD) prescription, since it yields smaller lower limits. Since HPDlimits lead to tighter constraints on the CMB amplitude, they also provide forgreater discrimination between models. Model normalizations deduced from theSP94 data subsets are mostly consistent with those deduced from the two-yearCOBE-DMR data, although the Ka-band data prefer a normalization $\sim 1\sigma$lower than do the Q-band data, the Q and Ka + Q data favour a slightly highernormalization for the $\Omega_0 = 0.1$ open model than does the DMR, and the Kaand Ka + Q data prefer a somewhat lower normalization for the older, higher$\Omega_B$, low-density $\Lambda$ models than does the DMR.Comment: Substantially shortened and rewritten. Accepted by ApJ. PostScript. 49 pages of text + tables. 16 pages of figure