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The intensity-time behavior for protons and ..cap alpha..-particles, as well as for carbon, oxygen, and iron ions, has been measured following the 1974 September 19 solar flare for energies between 0.5 and approx.5 MeV per nucleon. The profiles display a time dispersion which is inversely proportional to velocity for each individual species. In addition, at a given velocity the time dispersion also depends on the charge-to-mass ratio of the ion. Based on this latter dependence, it is concluded that while carbon and oxygen are essentially fully stripped, iron nuclei are not, having an effective charge Q=10 +- 5. The observed dispersion cannot be explained by purely rigidity dependent diffusive propagation. (AIP)

Time dispersion of energetic solar particles - Unexpected velocity and species dependence