Open AccessComplete amino acid sequence of a human monocyte chemoattractant, a putative mediator of cellular immune reactions.
Author(s) -
Elizabeth A. Robinson,
Teizo Yoshimura,
Edward J. Leonard,
Shuji Tanaka,
Patrick R. Griffin,
Jeffrey Shabanowitz,
Donald F. Hunt,
Ettore Appella
Publication year - 1989
Publication title -
proceedings of the national academy of sciences of the united states of america
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 5.011
H-Index - 771
eISSN - 1091-6490
pISSN - 0027-8424
DOI - 10.1073/pnas.86.6.1850
Subject(s) - edman degradation , peptide sequence , peptide , chemotaxis , amino acid , pyroglutamic acid , monocyte , biochemistry , protein primary structure , biology , chemistry , microbiology and biotechnology , immunology , receptor , gene
In a study of the structural basis for leukocyte specificity of chemoattractants, we determined the complete amino acid sequence of human glioma-derived monocyte chemotactic factor (GDCF-2), a peptide that attracts human monocytes but not neutrophils. The choice of a tumor cell product for analysis was dictated by its relative abundance and an amino acid composition indistinguishable from that of lymphocyte-derived chemotactic factor (LDCF), the agonist thought to account for monocyte accumulation in cellular immune reactions. By a combination of Edman degradation and mass spectrometry, it was established that GDCF-2 comprises 76 amino acid residues, commencing at the N terminus with pyroglutamic acid. The peptide contains four half-cystines, at positions 11, 12, 36, and 52, which create a pair of loops, clustered at the disulfide bridges. The relative positions of the half-cystines are almost identical to those of monocyte-derived neutrophil chemotactic factor (MDNCF), a peptide of similar mass but with only 24% sequence identity to GDCF. Thus, GDCF and MDNCF have a similar gross secondary structure because of the loops formed by the clustered disulfides, and their different leukocyte specificities are most likely determined by the large differences in primary sequence.