Open AccessType beta transforming growth factor is an inhibitor of myogenic differentiation.
Author(s) -
Joan Massagué,
Sela Cheifetz,
Takeshi Endo,
Bernardo NadalGinard
Publication year - 1986
Publication title -
proceedings of the national academy of sciences of the united states of america
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 5.011
H-Index - 771
eISSN - 1091-6490
pISSN - 0027-8424
DOI - 10.1073/pnas.83.21.8206
Subject(s) - myogenesis , myocyte , multinucleate , transforming growth factor beta , transforming growth factor, beta 3 , cellular differentiation , transforming growth factor , beta (programming language) , biology , extracellular matrix , microbiology and biotechnology , tgf beta signaling pathway , skeletal muscle , fibronectin , endocrinology , receptor , growth factor , biochemistry , tgf alpha , gene , computer science , programming language
We have investigated the effect of type beta transforming growth factor (TGF-beta) on the differentiation of skeletal muscle myoblasts. TGF-beta potently (ID50 approximately 10 pM) prevents established cell lines and primary cultures of rat and chicken embryo myoblasts from fusing into multinucleated myotubes. Inhibition of morphological differentiation by TGF-beta correlates with inhibition of the expression of muscle-specific mRNAs and proteins, strong induction of extracellular matrix type I collagen and fibronectin, and a marked tendency of the treated myoblasts to aggregate into densely multilayered arrays or clusters. Myogenic differentiation can resume after removal of TGF-beta from the medium. Examination of the time of action of TGF-beta shows that myoblasts stochastically reach a point beyond which they become insensitive to the inhibitory action of TGF-beta. This resistance of committed myoblasts to the inhibitory action of TGF-beta is not associated with any measurable change in the number or affinity of TGF-beta receptors in those cells. The results indicate that TGF-beta is a potent inhibitor of myogenesis and may regulate muscle development in vivo.