Open AccessLanguage boundaries and biological differentiation of Bougainville: multivariate analysis of variance.
Author(s) -
John G. Rhoads,
Jonathan S. Friedlaender
Publication year - 1975
Publication title -
proceedings of the national academy of sciences of the united states of america
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 5.011
H-Index - 771
eISSN - 1091-6490
pISSN - 0027-8424
DOI - 10.1073/pnas.72.6.2247
Subject(s) - multivariate statistics , subdivision , partition (number theory) , multivariate analysis , variation (astronomy) , multivariate analysis of variance , variance (accounting) , loss of heterozygosity , statistics , evolutionary biology , geography , demography , biology , mathematics , sociology , genetics , combinatorics , allele , physics , accounting , archaeology , astrophysics , business , gene
Blood genetic and antropometric data on Melanesians from Bougainville, Papus New Guinea, are analyzed by random-effects analysis of variance to partition the observed variation into components for the individuals, village, and language group level. Both clinial and unpatterned group differences exist. The differences between language groups appear to be substantial, even when the results are corrected for clinal effects. The amounts of variation of each level correspond roughly to a similar analysis of heterozygosity in blood polymorphisms. Observed current migration figures suggest that language and village constitute a 2-fold hierarchical subdivision of the breeding system, and this analysis shows probable random drift effects between groups at both the village and language level. Both language and genetic constitution of these villages are the result of differentiation in place.