Open AccessGenetic and physiological data implicating the new human gene G72 and the gene for d -amino acid oxidase in schizophrenia
Author(s) -
Ilya Chumakov,
Marta Blumenfeld,
Oxana Guerassimenko,
Laurent Cavarec,
M Palicio,
Hadi Abderrahim,
Lydie Bougueleret,
Caroline Barry,
Hiroaki Tanaka,
Philippe La Rosa,
Anne Puech,
Nadia Tahri,
Annick Cohen-Akenine,
Sylvain Delabrosse,
S Lissarrague,
Françoise-Pascaline Picard,
K Maurice,
Laurent Essioux,
P Millasseau,
P Grel,
Virginie Debailleul,
AnneMarie Simon,
D Caterina,
I Dufaure,
K Malekzadeh,
M Belova,
Jiajie Luan,
M Bouillot,
Jean-Luc Sambucy,
G Primas,
Martial Saumier,
N Boubkiri,
S Martin-Saumier,
M Nasroune,
H Peixoto,
A Delaye,
Virginie Pinchot,
M Bastucci,
Sophie Guillou,
M Chevillon,
Ricardo Sáinz-Fuertes,
S Meguenni,
Joan AurichCosta,
Dorra Chérif,
Anne Gimalac,
Cornelia M. van Duijn,
D. Gauvreau,
Gail Ouelette,
Isabel Fortier,
John Realson,
T Sherbatich,
N. Riazanskaia,
Evgeny I. Rogaev,
Peter Raeymaekers,
Jeroen Aerssens,
Frank Konings,
Walter Luyten,
Fabìo Macciardi,
Pak Sham,
Richard E. Straub,
Daniel R. Weinberger,
Nadine Cohen,
Daniel Cohen
Publication year - 2002
Publication title -
proceedings of the national academy of sciences of the united states of america
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 1091-6490
pISSN - 0027-8424
DOI - 10.1073/pnas.182412499
Subject(s) - single nucleotide polymorphism , d amino acid oxidase , gene , biology , microbiology and biotechnology , genetics , oxidase test , genotype , biochemistry , enzyme
A map of 191 single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) was built across a 5-Mb segment from chromosome 13q34 that has been genetically linked to schizophrenia. DNA from 213 schizophrenic patients and 241 normal individuals from Canada were genotyped with this marker set. Two 1,400- and 65-kb regions contained markers associated with the disease. Two markers from the 65-kb region were also found to be associated to schizophrenia in a Russian sample. Two overlapping genes G72 and G30 transcribed in brain were experimentally annotated in this 65-kb region. Transfection experiments point to the existence of a 153-aa protein coded by the G72 gene. This protein is rapidly evolving in primates, is localized to endoplasmic reticulum/Golgi in transfected cells, is able to form multimers and specifically binds to carbohydrates. Yeast two-hybrid experiments with the G72 protein identified the enzyme d-amino acid oxidase (DAAO) as an interacting partner. DAAO is expressed in human brain where it oxidizes d-serine, a potent activator of N-methyl-D-aspartate type glutamate receptor. The interaction between G72 and DAAO was confirmed in vitro and resulted in activation of DAAO. Four SNP markers from DAAO were found to be associated with schizophrenia in the Canadian samples. Logistic regression revealed genetic interaction between associated SNPs in vicinity of two genes. The association of both DAAO and a new gene G72 from 13q34 with schizophrenia together with activation of DAAO activity by a G72 protein product points to the involvement of this N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor regulation pathway in schizophrenia.