Revealing the atomic ordering of binary intermetallics using in situ heating techniques at multilength scales
Author(s) -
Yin Xiong,
Yao Yang,
Howie Joress,
Elliot Padgett,
Unmukt Gupta,
Venkata Yarlagadda,
David N. Agyeman-Budu,
Xin Huang,
Thomas E. Moylan,
Rui Zeng,
Anusorn Kongkanand,
Fernando A. Escobedo,
J. D. Brock,
Francis J. DiSalvo,
David A. Muller,
Héctor D. Abruña
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
proceedings of the national academy of sciences
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 5.011
H-Index - 771
eISSN - 1091-6490
pISSN - 0027-8424
DOI - 10.1073/pnas.1815643116
Subject(s) - intermetallic , annealing (glass) , materials science , superlattice , diffraction , powder diffraction , proton exchange membrane fuel cell , synchrotron , catalysis , chemical engineering , x ray crystallography , nanoparticle , crystallography , nanotechnology , metallurgy , chemistry , alloy , organic chemistry , physics , nuclear physics , engineering , optoelectronics , optics
Significance We present a comprehensive quantitative study of the dynamic order–disorder phase transition of Pt3 Co nanoparticles, binary intermetallic oxygen-reduction reaction fuel cell electrocatalysts, during postsynthesis annealing. We employed in situ synchrotron-based X-ray diffraction (XRD) and in situ scanning transmission EM (STEM) to study the phase transition and morphological and structural changes during real-time annealing. In situ XRD revealed the impact of annealing/cooling conditions on the degree of ordering, particle size and lattice strain. In situ heating STEM enabled visualization of nanoparticle migration and growth. We find that a higher degree of ordering leads to more active and durable electrocatalysts. Our findings represent a groundbreaking advance in electrocatalyst development/design with a broad impact on energy materials, in general, and fuel cells, in particular.
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