Open AccessCD81 is an entry coreceptor for hepatitis C virus
Author(s) -
Emmanuel Cormier,
Fay Tsamis,
Francis Kajumo,
Robert J. Durso,
Jason P. Gardner,
Tatjana Dragic
Publication year - 2004
Publication title -
proceedings of the national academy of sciences of the united states of america
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 5.011
H-Index - 771
eISSN - 1091-6490
pISSN - 0027-8424
DOI - 10.1073/pnas.0402253101
Subject(s) - cd81 , viral entry , tropism , hepatitis c virus , virology , glycoprotein , cell culture , monoclonal antibody , virus , biology , viral envelope , ns2 3 protease , antibody , microbiology and biotechnology , viral replication , immunology , genetics
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) envelope glycoproteins E1/E2 can pseudotype retroviral particles and efficiently mediate entry into target cells. Using this experimental system, we determined HCV tropism for different cell types. Only primary hepatocytes and one hepatoma cell line were susceptible to HCV pseudovirus entry, which could be inhibited by sera from HCV-infected individuals. Furthermore, expression of the putative HCV receptor CD81 on nonpermissive human hepatic but not murine cells enabled HCV pseudovirus entry. Importantly, inhibition of viral entry by an anti-CD81 mAb occurred at a step following HCV attachment to target cells. Our results indicate that CD81 functions as a post-attachment entry coreceptor and that other cellular factors act in concert with CD81 to mediate HCV binding and entry into hepatocytes.