Open AccessPeroxynitrite inhibition of Coxsackievirus infection by prevention of viral RNA entry
Author(s) -
Elizaveta Padalko,
Tomokazu Ohnishi,
Kazunobu Matsushita,
Henry Sun,
Karen Fox-Talbot,
Clare Bao,
William M. Baldwin,
Charles J. Lowenstein
Publication year - 2004
Publication title -
proceedings of the national academy of sciences of the united states of america
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 5.011
H-Index - 771
eISSN - 1091-6490
pISSN - 0027-8424
DOI - 10.1073/pnas.0400518101
Subject(s) - peroxynitrite , viral replication , in vitro , rna , nitrotyrosine , in vivo , virology , chemistry , coxsackievirus , biology , virus , biochemistry , superoxide , nitric oxide synthase , enzyme , enterovirus , microbiology and biotechnology , gene
Although peroxynitrite is harmful to the host, the beneficial effects of peroxynitrite are less well understood. We explored the role of peroxynitrite in the host immune response to Coxsackievirus infection. Peroxynitrite inhibits viral replication in vitro, in part by inhibiting viral RNA entry into the host cell. Nitrotyrosine, a marker for peroxynitrite production, is colocalized with viral antigens in the hearts of infected mice but not control mice. Nitrotyrosine coprecipitates with the viral polypeptide VP1 as well. Guanidinoethyl disulfide, a scavenger of peroxynitrite, blocks peroxynitrite inhibition of viral replication in vitro and permits an increase in viral replication in vivo. These data suggest that peroxynitrite is an endogenous effector of the immune response to viruses.