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As a novel two-dimensional nanomaterial, black phosphorus nanosheets (BPNs) have good biocompatibility, biodegradability, and broadband saturable light absorption properties and, thus, have become a hot research topic in the biomedical field. However, BPNs suffer from poor stability caused by easy oxidative degradation and deactivation, and how to surface functionalize BPNs to improve their stability is a key issue to be solved. In this paper, we propose to realize the preparation of BPNs by the liquid-phase exfoliation method and study the surface functionalization modification of BPNs by silver ions (Ag + ) and graphene oxide (GO). First, the preparation and characterization of BPNs were carried out by the liquid-phase exfoliation method to investigate the effect of process condition regulation on the planar size and thickness of BPNs, and the functionalization modification of BPNs by Ag +  and GO was carried out around the goal of enhancing the stability of BPNs. The experimental results showed that the stability of BPNs@Ag +  and BPNs@GO was significantly enhanced compared with that of unmodified BPNs. This study can be a reference for the future development of BP in the medical field.

Surface modification and stability performance of black phosphorus nanosheets based on metal ions/graphene