Obtaining strong ferromagnetism in diluted Gd-doped ZnO thin films through controlled Gd-defect complexes | Zendy

Iman S. Roqan | Zendy; Venkatesh Singaravelu | Zendy; Z. Zhang | Zendy; Shahid Hussain | Zendy; Ioannis Bantounas | Zendy; Joseph B. Franklin | Zendy; Tahani H. Flemban | Zendy; Bin Zou | Zendy; J.-S. Lee | Zendy; Udo Schwingenschlögl | Zendy; Peter K. Petrov | Zendy; Mary P. Ryan | Zendy; Neil McN. Alford | Zendy

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Obtaining strong ferromagnetism in diluted Gd-doped ZnO thin films through controlled Gd-defect complexes

Author(s) -

Iman S. Roqan,

Venkatesh Singaravelu,

Z. Zhang,

Shahid Hussain,

Ioannis Bantounas,

Joseph B. Franklin,

Tahani H. Flemban,

Bin Zou,

J.-S. Lee,

Udo Schwingenschlögl,

Peter K. Petrov,

Mary P. Ryan,

Neil McN. Alford

Publication year - 2015

Publication title -

journal of applied physics

Language(s) - English

Resource type - Journals

SCImago Journal Rank - 0.699

H-Index - 319

eISSN - 1089-7550

pISSN - 0021-8979

DOI - 10.1063/1.4908288

Subject(s) - ferromagnetism , materials science , pulsed laser deposition , dopant , thin film , annealing (glass) , doping , oxygen , density functional theory , fabrication , analytical chemistry (journal) , torr , condensed matter physics , magnetic semiconductor , nuclear magnetic resonance , nanotechnology , optoelectronics , chemistry , metallurgy , computational chemistry , pathology , thermodynamics , medicine , physics , organic chemistry , alternative medicine , chromatography

We demonstrate the fabrication of reproducible long-range ferromagnetism (FM) in highly crystalline Gdx Zn 1−xO thin films by controlling the defects. Films are grown on lattice-matched substrates by pulsed laser deposition at low oxygen pressures (≤25 mTorr) and low Gd concentrations (x ≤ 0.009). These films feature strong FM (10 μB per Gd atom) at room temperature. While films deposited at higher oxygen pressure do not exhibit FM, FM is recovered by post-annealing these films under vacuum. These findings reveal the contribution of oxygen deficiency defects to the long-range FM. We demonstrate the possible FM mechanisms, which are confirmed by density functional theory study, and show that Gd dopants are essential for establishing FM that is induced by intrinsic defects in these films

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