Convective particle transport arising from poloidal inhomogeneity in tokamak H mode

In tokamak high-confinement modes (H modes), a large poloidal flow exists within an edge transport barrier, and the electrostatic potential and density profiles can be steep both in the radial and poloidal directions. The two-dimensional structures of the electrostatic potential, density, and flow velocity near the edge of a tokamak plasma are investigated. The analysis is carried out with the momentum conservation law using the shock ordering. For the case with a strong radial electric field (H-mode case), a particle flux is induced from asymmetry of the poloidal electric field in the transport barrier. This convective transport is found to depend weakly on collisionality, and changes its direction in accordance with the direction of the radial electric field, the toroidal magnetic field, and the plasma current. The divergence of a particle flux is a source of temporal variation of the density, and there are negative divergence regions both in the inward and outward flux cases. Thus this convective particle flux is a new candidate for the cause of the rapid establishment of the density pedestal after the onset of low to high confinement mode (L/H) transition