The interfaces of poly(p-phenylene vinylene) and fullerene derivatives with Al, LiF, and Al/LiF studied by secondary ion mass spectroscopy and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy: Formation of AlF3 disproved | Zendy

W.J.H. van Gennip | Zendy; J. K. J. van Duren | Zendy; Peter C. Thüne | Zendy; René A. J. Janssen | Zendy; J. W. Niemantsverdriet | Zendy

Open Access

The interfaces of poly(p-phenylene vinylene) and fullerene derivatives with Al, LiF, and Al/LiF studied by secondary ion mass spectroscopy and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy: Formation of AlF3 disproved

Author(s) -

W.J.H. van Gennip,

J. K. J. van Duren,

Peter C. Thüne,

René A. J. Janssen,

J. W. Niemantsverdriet

Publication year - 2002

Publication title -

the journal of chemical physics

Language(s) - English

Resource type - Journals

SCImago Journal Rank - 1.071

H-Index - 357

eISSN - 1089-7690

pISSN - 0021-9606

DOI - 10.1063/1.1498473

Subject(s) - x ray photoelectron spectroscopy , chemistry , fullerene , reaction mechanism , doping , secondary ion mass spectrometry , poly(p phenylene vinylene) , photochemistry , layer (electronics) , phenylene , analytical chemistry (journal) , materials science , ion , chemical engineering , organic chemistry , polymer , electroluminescence , optoelectronics , engineering , catalysis

Two mutually exclusive mechanisms have been proposed to explain the improved electron injection by the insertion of a LiF layer between the metal cathode and the active organic layer of organic photoelectronic devices: the dipole and the doping mechanism. The possibility of the doping mechanism was studied by investigating the interface of poly[2-methoxy-5-(3′,7′dimethyl-octyloxyl)-1,4-phenylenevinylene] (MDMO-PPV) or 1-(3-(methoxycarbonyl)propyl)-1-phenyl[6,6]C61 (PCBM) with Al, LiF, or Al/LiF. In this mechanism, Li dopes the organic layer, after liberation via the reaction Al+3LiF→AlF3+3Li. If this reaction takes place, AlF3 should be detectable at the surface. However, SIMS measurements showed that AlF3 is not present at the Al/LiF/MDMO-PPV and Al/LiF/PCBM interfaces. This is evidence that the proposed reaction does not occur. Other evidence that the doping mechanism cannot be the general mechanism to explain the enhanced electron injection comes from the presence of LiF on both organic surfaces. XPS m...

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