Open AccessThe ionization fraction in α models of protoplanetary discs
Author(s) -
Fromang Sébastien,
Terquem Caroline,
Balbus Steven A.
Publication year - 2002
Publication title -
monthly notices of the royal astronomical society
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.058
H-Index - 383
eISSN - 1365-2966
pISSN - 0035-8711
DOI - 10.1046/j.1365-8711.2002.04940.x
Subject(s) - physics , accretion (finance) , magnetohydrodynamics , ionization , astrophysics , magnetohydrodynamic drive , turbulence , gravitation , isothermal process , gravitational collapse , magnetic field , mechanics , astronomy , ion , thermodynamics , quantum mechanics
We calculate the ionization fraction of protostellar α discs, taking into account vertical temperature structure and the possible presence of trace metal atoms. Both thermal and X‐ray ionization are considered. Previous investigations of layered discs used radial power‐law models with isothermal vertical structure. But α models are used to model accretion, and the present work is a step towards a self‐consistent treatment. The extent of the magnetically uncoupled (‘dead’) zone depends sensitively on α , on the assumed accretion rate and on the critical magnetic Reynolds number, below which magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence cannot be self‐sustained. Its extent is extremely model‐dependent. It is also shown that a tiny fraction of the cosmic abundance of metal atoms can dramatically affect the ionization balance. Gravitational instabilities are an unpromising source of transport, except in the early stages of disc formation.