T1- and T2*-Dominant Extravasation Correction in DSC-MRI: Part II—Predicting Patient Outcome after a Single Dose of Cediranib in Recurrent Glioblastoma Patients

A ‘vascular normalization index’ (VNI) based on the changes in the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) parameters K trans and cerebral blood volume (CBV), combined with blood sampling, has been shown to correlate with patient outcome in recurrent glioblastoma after a single dose of antiangiogenic therapy. Here, by applying a novel contrast agent extravasation correction method insensitive to variations in tissue mean transit time, we show that a similar VNI parameter can be derived from a single dynamic susceptibility contrast MR acquisition rather than the three parameters shown previously. Our results show that this new VNI parameter, which combines changes in tumoral CBV and an apparent transfer constant from our leakage correction method, may provide prognostic information in an even simpler manner than prior efforts.