Homesickness: A Systematic Review of the Scientific Literature

Large-scale migration in contemporary society underscores the need to learn about thecomplex experience of leaving home and relocating within or beyond one's own country.Separate consideration of various types of stressors associated with geographic moves iscalled for, because these are likely to be associated with different (but mutuallyexacerbating) correlates and consequences, perhaps leading to comorbidity. Homesickness(HS) is a frequent component of relocation, known to be related to certain adjustmentdifficulties and health problems, as well as clinical disorders. However, an up-to-date,comprehensive overview of scientific investigations of HS is lacking. Therefore, thisarticle systematically reviews empirical research on HS, focusing on temporary sojournsfrom home. Fifty-five articles that conformed to adequate design and methodologicalcriteria were identified in the literature. These studies reveal indicative patterns offindings relating to the prevalence, consequences, predictors, and prevention/treatmentstrategies for HS. Gaps in knowledge about phenomena and manifestations associated with HSare also discussed. Importantly, it is demonstrated that the inclusion of stressors in thenew place when assessing HS limits understanding. We suggest theory-guided directions forfuture research.