Spatial Distributions of Copper in Microbial Biofilms by Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy

Z H I Q I A N G H U , † , ‡ J I N G J I N , § H EÄ C T O R D . A B R U Ñ A , § P A U L L . H O U S T O N , § A N T H O N Y G . H A Y , | W I L L I A M C . G H I O R S E , | M I C H A E L L . S H U L E R , ⊥ G A B R I E L A H I D A L G O , ‡ A N D L E O N A R D W . L I O N * , ‡ School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Department of Microbiology, School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, and Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of MissourisColumbia, Columbia, Missouri 65211