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Many methods have been used to detect heavy metals in herbal medicines, while few are developed to remove them. In this study, a novel genetically engineered fusion protein composed of metallothionein (MT), cellulose binding module (CBM), and superfolder GFP (sfGFP) was designed to remove heavy metals. MT, a kind of cysteine-rich protein, was used to chelate heavy metals with high specific affinity. The CBM facilitated the fusion protein MT-CBM-sfGFP binding to cellulose specifically, which made the purification and immobilization in one step. The sfGFP was used to detect the fusion protein MT-CBM-sfGFP easily during the process of expression and immobilization. The MT from Cancer pagurus (MT Cap ) and the CBM from Cellulomonas fimi (CBM Cef ) were used as an example and the fusion protein (MT Cap -CBM Cef -sfGFP) was expressed in Escherichia coli . Then, the cell lysates were mechanically mixed with cellulose to create biosorbent MT Cap -CBM Cef -sfGFP@cellulose. The efficiency of the biosorbent MT Cap -CBM Cef -sfGFP@cellulose for Pb 2+ removal was evaluated using the water decoction of Honeysuckle as a model. Results suggested that MT Cap -CBM Cef -sfGFP@cellulose had high efficiency for Pb 2+ removal from the water decoction of Honeysuckle without affecting its active ingredients. The low-cost, easy production, and high efficiency of the biosorbent enable it to have many applications in heavy metal removal from aqueous solutions of herbal medicines and food.

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Novel Fusion Protein Consisting of Metallothionein, Cellulose Binding Module, and Superfolder GFP for Lead Removal from the Water Decoction of Traditional Chinese Medicine