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We investigated the structure and antireduction of Ti 4+ in orthorhombic perovskite Ca 0.61 Nd 0.26 TiO 3 (CNT) ceramic by doping with three different additives (Cr 2 O 3 , MnO 2 , and SnO 2 ). The X-ray diffraction patterns showed that the main phase of orthorhombic perovskite was formed in all the samples. In addition, the substitution of M (M = Cr 3+ , Mn 4+ , Sn 4+ ) for Ti 4+ resulted in the oxygen octahedral distortion and changes of order degree of B-site, which was confirmed by Raman spectra. The ε r and τ f values were concerned with the average ionicity of B-O bond f  i (B-ave) and the linear expansion coefficient α, respectively. The X-ray photoelectron spectra indicated that three different additives could restrain the reduction of Ti 4+ , which was beneficial to the improvement of the Q × f value for CNT ceramic. High Q × f value of 16 123 GHz was obtained in the CNT + 1 mol % Cr 2 O 3 ceramic compared with Q × f value of 11 207 GHz in pure CNT ceramic.

Different Additives Doped Ca–Nd–Ti Microwave Dielectric Ceramics with Distorted Oxygen Octahedrons and High Q × f Value