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This work uniquely reports the synthesis of Zn  x  Mg 1- x  O nanowires and submicron columns by utilizing a traditional carbothermal reduction process toward forming ZnO nanowire ultraviolet detectors, while simultaneously utilizing Mg 3 N 2 as the source of Mg. To investigate the relationship between Mg content in the ZnO lattice and the cutoff wavelength for high spectral responsivity, the nanowires were annealed in a series of designed conditions, whereas chemical, nanostructural, and optoelectronic characteristics were compared before and after treatment. Postanneal scanning electron micrographs revealed a reduction of the average ensemble nanowire dimensions, which was correlated to the modification of ZnO lattice parameters stemming from Zn 2+ dissociation and Mg 2+ substitution (confirmed via Raman spectroscopy). The analysis of cathodoluminescence spectra revealed a blueshift of the peak alloy band-edge emission along with a redshift of the ZnO band-edge emission; and both were found to be strong functions of the annealing temperature. The conversion of Zn 2 SiO 4 to Mg 2 SiO 4 (in O 2 ) and MgSiO 3 (in Ar) was found to correspond to transformations (shifting and scaling) of high-energy luminescence peaks and was confirmed with X-ray diffraction analysis. The tunability of the cutoff photodetection wavelength was evaluated as the nanowire arrays exhibited selective absorption by retaining elevated conduction under high-energy UV-C irradiation after thermal treatment but exhibiting suppressed conductivity and a single order of magnitude reduction in both spectral responsivity ( R  λ ) and photoconductive gain ( G ) under UV-A illumination. Noise analysis revealed that the variation of detectivity ( D *) depended on the regime of ultraviolet irradiation, and that these variations are related to thermal noise resulting from oxygen-related defects on both nanowire and substrate surfaces. These results suggest a minor design tradeoff between the noise characteristics of thermally treated ZnMgO nanowire array UV detectors and the tunability of their spectral sensitivity.

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Vapor-Transport Synthesis and Annealing Study of ZnxMg1–xO Nanowire Arrays for Selective, Solar-Blind UV-C Detection