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Responsive Nanogel Probe for Ratiometric Fluorescent Sensing of pH and Strain in Hydrogels
Author(s) -
Mingning Zhu,
Dongdong Lu,
Shanglin Wu,
Qing Lian,
Wenkai Wang,
Amir H. Milani,
Zhengxing Cui,
Nam T. Nguyen,
Chen Mu,
L. Andrew Lyon,
Daman J. Adlam,
Anthony J. Freemont,
Judith A. Hoyland,
Brian R. Saunders
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
acs macro letters
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.966
H-Index - 92
ISSN - 2161-1653
DOI - 10.1021/acsmacrolett.7b00709
Subject(s) - nanogel , fluorophore , self healing hydrogels , fluorescence , förster resonance energy transfer , materials science , swelling , nanocomposite , nanotechnology , nile red , chemical engineering , chemistry , polymer chemistry , drug delivery , composite material , optics , physics , engineering
In this study a new pH-responsive nanogel probe containing a complementary nonradiative resonance energy transfer (NRET) fluorophore pair is investigated and its ability to act as a versatile probe of network-related changes in three hydrogels demonstrated. Fluorescent sensing using NRET is a powerful method for studying relationships between Angstrom length-scale structure and macroscopic properties of soft matter. Unfortunately, inclusion of NRET fluorophores into such materials requires material-specific chemistry. Here, low concentrations of preformed nanogel probes were included into hydrogel hosts. Ratiometric photoluminescence (PL) data for the gels labeled with the nanogel probes enabled pH-triggered swelling and deswelling to be studied as well as Ca 2+ -triggered collapse and solute release. PL measurements during compression of a nanogel probe-labeled nanocomposite gel demonstrated mechanochromic behavior and strain sensing. The new nanogel probes have excellent potential for investigating the internal structures of gels and provide a versatile ratiometric fluorescent platform for studying pH and strain.

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