Could Probiotics Be Used to Mitigate Neuroinflammation?

Neuroinflammatory processes promote a constellation of neurochemical and hormonal changes resulting in profound effects on motivational states (anhedonia), mood (depression and anxiety disorders), and cognitive function (decrements in learning and memory). The enhancement of immunoregulatory processes, such as increasing anti-inflammatory cytokines in the CNS, is a highly effective strategy for curtailing neuroinflammation. Here, we explore recent evidence that probiotic treatment approaches might be an effective strategy to induce long-lasting immunoregulation in the CNS and thus mitigate the neural and behavioral effects of neuroinflammation.