Rapid Scalable Processing of Tin Oxide Transport Layers for Perovskite Solar Cells
Author(s) -
Joel A. Smith,
Onkar S. Game,
J. Bishop,
Emma L. K. Spooner,
Rachel C. Kilbride,
Claire Greenland,
Rahul Jayaprakash,
Tarek I. Alanazi,
Elena J. Cassella,
Alvaro Tejada,
Ganna Chistiakova,
Michael WongStringer,
Thomas J. Routledge,
Andrew J. Parnell,
Deborah B. Hammond,
David G. Lidzey
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
acs applied energy materials
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.833
H-Index - 36
ISSN - 2574-0962
DOI - 10.1021/acsaem.0c00525
Subject(s) - materials science , perovskite (structure) , annealing (glass) , nanotechnology , coating , rapid thermal processing , tin , nanoparticle , deposition (geology) , photovoltaics , tin oxide , photovoltaic system , optoelectronics , oxide , chemical engineering , silicon , metallurgy , electrical engineering , paleontology , sediment , engineering , biology
The development of scalable deposition methods for perovskite solar cell materials is critical to enable the commercialization of this nascent technology. Herein, we investigate the use and processing of nanoparticle SnO 2 films as electron transport layers in perovskite solar cells and develop deposition methods for ultrasonic spray coating and slot-die coating, leading to photovoltaic device efficiencies over 19%. The effects of postprocessing treatments (thermal annealing, UV ozone, and O 2 plasma) are then probed using structural and spectroscopic techniques to characterize the nature of the np-SnO 2 /perovskite interface. We show that a brief "hot air flow" method can be used to replace extended thermal annealing, confirming that this approach is compatible with high-throughput processing. Our results highlight the importance of interface management to minimize nonradiative losses and provide a deeper understanding of the processing requirements for large-area deposition of nanoparticle metal oxides.
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