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Direct and Metal-Catalyzed Photochemical Dimerization of the Phthalide (Z)-Ligustilide Leading to Both [2 + 2] and [4 + 2] Cycloadducts: Application to Total Syntheses of Tokinolides A–C and Riligustilide
Author(s) -
Bingbing Sheng,
Yen Vo,
Ping Lan,
Michael G. Gardiner,
Martin G. Banwell,
PingHua Sun
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
organic letters
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.94
H-Index - 239
eISSN - 1523-7060
pISSN - 1523-7052
DOI - 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b02172
Subject(s) - phthalide , chemistry , catalysis , metal , stereochemistry , combinatorial chemistry , organic chemistry
Synthetically derived ( Z )-ligustilide ( 1 ) has been subjected to photochemically-promoted dimerization processes under a range of conditions. By such means, varying distributions of the dimeric natural products tokinolides A-C ( 4 , 3 , and 6 , respectively) and riligustilide ( 5 ) as well certain related (isomeric) compounds have been obtained. The structures of three of them have been confirmed by single-crystal X-ray analysis. The biosynthetic implications of the outcomes of this study are discussed.

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