Formation of Polyrotaxane Particles via Template Assembly

In this study, we report a versatile method to assemble tunable poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)-based polyrotaxane (PRX) particles and capsules. By threading α-cyclodextrins (αCDs) onto PEG chains physically adsorbed onto template particles and subsequently dissolving the templates, PRX replica particles and hollow capsules are formed. This approach overcomes issues related to CD steric hindrance, and also reduces the multiple processing steps often associated with PRX-based particle formation. By simple variation of the molecular weight and end-group functionality of the PEG, we show that the rate of particle degradation as well as the stability of the particles can be tuned. We also demonstrate the loading and release of model (drug) compounds, achieving burst and controlled release of the compounds. It is envisaged that this approach will provide a flexible platform for the engineering of a diverse range of PRX-based particles, enabling PRX materials to be further explored in various applications.