Open AccessAlcohol dehydrogenases from thermophilic and hyperthermophilic archaea and bacteria
Author(s) -
Radianingtyas Helia,
Wright Phillip C.
Publication year - 2003
Publication title -
fems microbiology reviews
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 5.91
H-Index - 212
eISSN - 1574-6976
pISSN - 0168-6445
DOI - 10.1016/s0168-6445(03)00068-8
Subject(s) - thermophile , archaea , biology , bacteria , alcohol dehydrogenase , microbiology and biotechnology , biochemistry , genetics , enzyme
Abstract Many studies have been undertaken to characterise alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs) from thermophiles and hyperthermophiles, mainly to better understand their activities and thermostability. To date, there are 20 thermophilic archaeal and 17 thermophilic bacterial strains known to have ADHs or similar enzymes, including the hypothetical proteins. Some of these thermophiles are found to have multiple ADHs, sometimes of different types. A rigid delineation of amino acid sequences amongst currently elucidated thermophilic ADHs and similar proteins is phylogenetically apparent. All are NAD(P)‐dependent, with one exception that utilises the cofactor F 420 instead. Within the NAD(P)‐dependent group, the thermophilic ADHs are orderly clustered as zinc‐dependent ADHs, short‐chain ADHs, and iron‐containing/activated ADHs. Distance matrix calculations reveal that thermophilic ADHs within one type are homologous, with those derived from a single genus often showing high similarities. Elucidation of the enzyme activity and stability, coupled with structure analysis, provides excellent information to explain the relationship between them, and thermophilic ADHs diversity.