Open AccessAdenomas – Genetic factors in colorectal cancer prevention
Author(s) -
Witold Kycler,
Anna Klinke,
Maciej Trojanowski,
Jakub Janowski
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
reports of practical oncology and radiotherapy
Language(s) - Uncategorized
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 2083-4640
pISSN - 1507-1367
DOI - 10.1016/j.rpor.2017.12.003
Subject(s) - colorectal cancer , medicine , dysplasia , cancer , malignant transformation , neoplastic transformation , disease , adenoma , oncology , colorectal adenoma , cancer research , carcinogenesis
Colorectal cancer is the second most common type of cancer both in Europe and Poland. During the last 30 years more than a 3-fold increase has been observed in Poland due to environmental and genetic factors. Almost all colorectal malignancies are related to the formation and malignant transformation of colorectal dysplasia and adenoma. Efforts aiming to decrease the number of colorectal cancer deaths are focused on the disease early detection. Genetic diagnosis for hereditary syndromes predisposing to colorectal cancer has been developed and is a part of the routine treatment. Most cancers are sporadic. They often develop from polyps in the colon. In addition to the genetic events described in the 1990s, showing the adenoma transformation into carcinoma that has been a prime example of malignant transformation for a long time, there are also other possibilities of neoplastic transformation. The recognition of colorectal cancer risk factors make sense as their nature is lifestyle- and diet-related. In this review paper those risk factors are presented and the prevention of colorectal cancer is discussed taking into account genetic factors.