Características de las fracturas de fémur proximal

Hip fractures may occur in the femoral head, neck or intertrocantheric line. Treatment is based on, type and location of the fracture and patient’s age and comorbidities.Objective: To describe hip fracture characteristics and risk factors in patients seen at Hospital de San Jose of Bogota between January 2014 and June 2016.Methods: A case series study. Adults with primary fractures and a complete medical record were included. Those with prior surgical management of ipsilateral proximal femoral and pathologic fractures were excluded. Data collection was based on clinical records.Results: 96 patients were included, 66.7% females, mean age 81 years (IQR 29 – 93 years), and comorbidities such as hypertension (58.3%), coronary artery disease (16.7%), diabetes mellitus (8.3%), tobacco smoking (9.4%), Alzheimer’s (14.6%) and osteoporosis (4.2%) present in 69.8%. Intertrochanteric fracture (69.8%) caused by a fall from own height (93.8%) was the commonest fracture. The most widely used treatment was fixation (50%) followed by arthroplasty (43.8%). Osteosynthesis by an intramedullary long proximal femoral nail was the most common fixation method used (77.1%). Major complications were postoperative mortality (5.2%), component loosening and reoperations (3.1%), pressure ulcers, pneumonia, pulmonary thromboembolism and periprosthetic fractures in 2.1%.Conclusions: Hip fractures associated with significant morbidity and mortality are common in elders. It is essential to provide timely treatment and to count on prevention programs regarding this pathology.