A framework for making qualities of indicators transparent

Hauge, K. H., Olsen, E., Heldal, H. E., and Skjoldal, H. R. 2005. A framework for making qualities of indicators transparent. e ICES Journal of Marine Science, 62: 552e557. A framework is presented to communicate different qualities of and uncertainties in indicators, and to enhance the transparency of conclusions and scientific advice based on them. The framework consists of four parts: Advice Statement, Power of Explanation, Robustness, and Performance Perspectives. The Advice Statement is descriptive and largely quantitative; the last three parts are more analytical and qualitative. Power of Explanation addresses the strength of the associated scientific knowledge. Robustness seeks to clarify how sensitive the indicator value and advice are to underlying assumptions. Performance Perspectives highlight prospects and drawbacks in a management context. The framework and its discussion are illustrated by examples on spawning-stock biomass of Northeast Arctic cod, technetium-99 concentrations in lobster, and harbour porpoise bycatch rates.