Tissue-nonspecific Alkaline Phosphatase Regulates Purinergic Transmission in the Central Nervous System During Development and Disease | Zendy

Álvaro SebastiánSerrano | Zendy; Laura de DiegoGarcia | Zendy; Carlos Martínez-Frailes | Zendy; Jesús Ávila | Zendy; Herbert Zimmermann | Zendy; José Luís Millán | Zendy; Marı́a Teresa Miras-Portugal | Zendy; Miguel DíazHernández | Zendy

Open Access

Tissue-nonspecific Alkaline Phosphatase Regulates Purinergic Transmission in the Central Nervous System During Development and Disease

Author(s) -

Álvaro SebastiánSerrano,

Laura de DiegoGarcia,

Carlos Martínez-Frailes,

Jesús Ávila,

Herbert Zimmermann,

José Luís Millán,

Marı́a Teresa Miras-Portugal,

Miguel DíazHernández

Publication year - 2014

Publication title -

computational and structural biotechnology journal

Language(s) - English

Resource type - Journals

SCImago Journal Rank - 1.908

H-Index - 45

ISSN - 2001-0370

DOI - 10.1016/j.csbj.2014.12.004

Subject(s) - hypophosphatasia , purinergic receptor , alkaline phosphatase , central nervous system , neurotransmission , extracellular , purinergic signalling , biology , phosphatase , nervous system , neuroscience , microbiology and biotechnology , isozyme , endocrinology , medicine , enzyme , biochemistry , receptor , adenosine receptor , agonist

Tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase (TNAP) is one of the four isozymes in humans and mice that have the capacity to hydrolyze phosphate groups from a wide spectrum of physiological substrates. Among these, TNAP degrades substrates implicated in neurotransmission. Transgenic mice lacking TNAP activity display the characteristic skeletal and dental phenotype of infantile hypophosphatasia, as well as spontaneous epileptic seizures and die around 10 days after birth. This physiopathology, linked to the expression pattern of TNAP in the central nervous system (CNS) during embryonic stages, suggests an important role for TNAP in neuronal development and synaptic function, situating it as a good target to be explored for the treatment of neurological diseases. In this review, we will focus mainly on the role that TNAP plays as an ectonucleotidase in CNS regulating the levels of extracellular ATP and consequently purinergic signaling.

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