PTPN11 Is a Central Node in Intrinsic and Acquired Resistance to Targeted Cancer Drugs | Zendy

Anirudh Prahallad | Zendy; Guus J.J.E. Heynen | Zendy; Giovanni Germano | Zendy; Stefan M. Willems | Zendy; Bastiaan Evers | Zendy; Loredana Vecchione | Zendy; Valentina Gambino | Zendy; Cor Lieftink | Zendy; Roderick L. Beijersbergen | Zendy; Federica Di Nicolantonio | Zendy; Alberto Bardelli | Zendy; René Bernards | Zendy

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PTPN11 Is a Central Node in Intrinsic and Acquired Resistance to Targeted Cancer Drugs

Author(s) -

Anirudh Prahallad,

Guus J.J.E. Heynen,

Giovanni Germano,

Stefan M. Willems,

Bastiaan Evers,

Loredana Vecchione,

Valentina Gambino,

Cor Lieftink,

Roderick L. Beijersbergen,

Federica Di Nicolantonio,

Alberto Bardelli,

René Bernards

Publication year - 2015

Publication title -

cell reports

Language(s) - English

Resource type - Journals

SCImago Journal Rank - 6.264

H-Index - 154

eISSN - 2639-1856

pISSN - 2211-1247

DOI - 10.1016/j.celrep.2015.08.037

Subject(s) - node (physics) , ptpn11 , resistance (ecology) , acquired resistance , medicine , cancer , cancer research , biology , computational biology , bioinformatics , colorectal cancer , kras , physics , ecology , quantum mechanics

Most BRAF (V600E) mutant melanomas are sensitive to selective BRAF inhibitors, but BRAF mutant colon cancers are intrinsically resistant to these drugs because of feedback activation of EGFR. We performed an RNA-interference-based genetic screen in BRAF mutant colon cancer cells to search for phosphatases whose knockdown induces sensitivity to BRAF inhibition. We found that suppression of protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 11 (PTPN11) confers sensitivity to BRAF inhibitors in colon cancer. Mechanistically, we found that inhibition of PTPN11 blocks signaling from receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) to the RAS-MEK-ERK pathway. PTPN11 suppression is lethal to cells that are driven by activated RTKs and prevents acquired resistance to targeted cancer drugs that results from RTK activation. Our findings identify PTPN11 as a drug target to combat both intrinsic and acquired resistance to several targeted cancer drugs. Moreover, activated PTPN11 can serve as a biomarker of drug resistance resulting from RTK activation.

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