A novel 3-input XOR function implementation in quantum dot-cellular automata with energy dissipation analysis

Quantum dot-cellular automata (QCA) are one of novel emerging nanotechnology, which seem to be excellent alternatives to the conventional complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) technology. QCA technology has a wide range of optimize facet such as ultra-low power consumption, faster switching speed and extremely density structure. In this paper, a novel exclusive-OR (XOR) gate is presented. This proposed XOR gate requires only 12 cells and dissipates 12.11 meV energies at 1.0Ek tunneling energy level. To inspect the efficacy of proposed XOR gate, new QCA design of half and full subtractor is introduced here. In comparison with previous QCA designs, the proposed layouts are implemented with the minimum area, minimum number of cells and delay without any wire-crossing techniques. The proposed, half and full subtractors require 19 and 32 cells and occupy 0.0186 μm2 and 0.0287 μm2 area respectively. To validate the accuracy of the proposed design, QCADesigner, a familiar QCA simulation tool is employed.