An Upper Limit on Sunspot Activity During the Maunder Minimum | Zendy

G. A. Kovaltsov | Zendy; Ilya Usoskin | Zendy; К. Мурсула | Zendy

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An Upper Limit on Sunspot Activity During the Maunder Minimum

Author(s) -

G. A. Kovaltsov,

Ilya Usoskin,

К. Мурсула

Publication year - 2004

Publication title -

solar physics

Language(s) - English

Resource type - Journals

SCImago Journal Rank - 1.026

H-Index - 123

eISSN - 1573-093X

pISSN - 0038-0938

DOI - 10.1007/s11207-005-4281-6

Subject(s) - sunspot , physics , solar minimum , upper and lower bounds , limit (mathematics) , sunspot number , astrophysics , atmospheric sciences , mathematics , solar cycle , mathematical analysis , magnetic field , quantum mechanics , solar wind

We have estimated the upper and lower limits of sunspot activity, in terms of active day fraction during the Maunder minimum (1645–1710), using raw information on individual daily observations (Hoyt and Schatten, 1998). Establishing the relation between the sunspot activity and active day fraction after 1850, we evaluate the upper limit of annual group sunspot number during the deep Maunder minimum (1645–1700) which does not exceed 4. The earlier finding of a dominant 22-year periodicity during the Maunder minimum is verified and shown to be robust. Also we confirm that the start of the Maunder minimum was very abrupt.

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