Open AccessPhysiological, pathological, and engineered cell identity reprogramming in the central nervous system
Author(s) -
Smith Derek K.,
Wang LeiLei,
Zhang ChunLi
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
wiley interdisciplinary reviews: developmental biology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.779
H-Index - 45
eISSN - 1759-7692
pISSN - 1759-7684
DOI - 10.1002/wdev.234
Subject(s) - neurogenesis , reprogramming , neural stem cell , biology , regeneration (biology) , stem cell , neuroscience , neurodegeneration , adult stem cell , microbiology and biotechnology , cellular differentiation , cell , pathology , medicine , genetics , disease , gene
Multipotent neural stem cells persist in restricted regions of the adult mammalian central nervous system. These proliferative cells differentiate into diverse neuron subtypes to maintain neural homeostasis. This endogenous process can be reprogrammed as a compensatory response to physiological cues, traumatic injury, and neurodegeneration. In addition to innate neurogenesis, recent research has demonstrated that new neurons can be engineered via cell identity reprogramming in non‐neurogenic regions of the adult central nervous system. A comprehensive understanding of these reprogramming mechanisms will be essential to the development of therapeutic neural regeneration strategies that aim to improve functional recovery after injury and neurodegeneration. WIREs Dev Biol 2016, 5:499–517. doi: 10.1002/wdev.234 This article is categorized under: Adult Stem Cells, Tissue Renewal, and Regeneration > Stem Cell Differentiation and Reversion Adult Stem Cells, Tissue Renewal, and Regeneration > Regeneration Adult Stem Cells, Tissue Renewal, and Regeneration > Environmental Control of Stem Cells